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Rubberwood,
like most woods, exhibits orthotropicity in its properties:
that is its properties are different and independent in the
three principal directions of growth: longitudinal, radial
and tangential. Being non-homogeneous in its structure. its
density also varies from site to site inside the material.
The variations in properties are attributable not only to
the variations in density but also to the presence of latex
particles in some locations and to the predominance of tension
wood.
Edaphic, agrometeorological and plant factors such as elevation,
air temperature. solar radiation, humidity, rainfall, soil
characteristics, spacing, clonal difference and age of the
tree can influence to a certain degree the properties of
any species of wood. However, these changes may be significant
with reference to the expected end use, and are generally
taken care of in the system of evaluation itself by drawing
samples representative of different growth conditions. However,
it should be noted that strength in the green condition
does not vary with moisture content.
Like most wood species, the dynamic properties of rubberwood
are higher than the static properties: under impact loads,
rubberwood is capable of taking loads nearly twice that
under slowly applied loads. However, it may be noted that
the static properties of rubberwood when in dry condition
are higher than those when green, but in the case of dynamic
properties. the reverse is the case for fibre stress at
elastic limit and modulus of elasticity, and the increase
is not significant in the case of maximum height of drop.
This shows that in such cases where shocks come into play,
the presence of moisture in wood is helpful in taking up
higher loads.in some countries it is customary to explain
the mechanical behaviour of any species for a specific function
or end use, in terms of the mechanical behaviour of a popular
species, widely used for a variety of purposes or for the
same function and end use. In India teak is one such species
and so the mechanical behaviour of all species is compared
to that of teak as 100. The comparative figures are known
as 'suitability figures' or 'suitability indices' and the
same are indicated for rubber wood in the following table.
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