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Home > Rubber Industry > Use Of Rubberwood > Physical and Mechanical Properties
Physical and Mechanical Properties

     
  Rubberwood, like most woods, exhibits orthotropicity in its properties: that is its properties are different and independent in the three principal directions of growth: longitudinal, radial and tangential. Being non-homogeneous in its structure. its density also varies from site to site inside the material. The variations in properties are attributable not only to the variations in density but also to the presence of latex particles in some locations and to the predominance of tension wood.

Edaphic, agrometeorological and plant factors such as elevation, air temperature. solar radiation, humidity, rainfall, soil characteristics, spacing, clonal difference and age of the tree can influence to a certain degree the properties of any species of wood. However, these changes may be significant with reference to the expected end use, and are generally taken care of in the system of evaluation itself by drawing samples representative of different growth conditions. However, it should be noted that strength in the green condition does not vary with moisture content.

Like most wood species, the dynamic properties of rubberwood are higher than the static properties: under impact loads, rubberwood is capable of taking loads nearly twice that under slowly applied loads. However, it may be noted that the static properties of rubberwood when in dry condition are higher than those when green, but in the case of dynamic properties. the reverse is the case for fibre stress at elastic limit and modulus of elasticity, and the increase is not significant in the case of maximum height of drop. This shows that in such cases where shocks come into play, the presence of moisture in wood is helpful in taking up higher loads.in some countries it is customary to explain the mechanical behaviour of any species for a specific function or end use, in terms of the mechanical behaviour of a popular species, widely used for a variety of purposes or for the same function and end use. In India teak is one such species and so the mechanical behaviour of all species is compared to that of teak as 100. The comparative figures are known as 'suitability figures' or 'suitability indices' and the same are indicated for rubber wood in the following table.